What is bilateral retrograde pyelogram

A retrograde pyelogram is an imaging test that uses X-rays to look at your bladder, ureters, and kidneys. The ureters are the long tubes that connect your kidneys to your bladder. This test is usually done during a test called cystoscopy. It uses an endoscope, which is a long, flexible, lighted tube.

What does a retrograde pyelogram show?

A retrograde pyelogram is an imaging study of the renal system using X-ray technology, usually with contrast dye. It shows pictures of the structures of the kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra—all parts of the urinary tract.

Is retrograde pyelogram painful?

A retrograde pyelogram is a quick, relatively painless procedure that helps identify abnormalities in your urinary tract.

What does retrograde mean in urology?

Retrograde pyelography is a form of x-ray used to get detailed pictures of the ureters and kidneys. Retrograde pyelography uses a special dye (“contrast agent”) injected into the ureters. The dye makes the ureters and kidneys more easily seen on the x-ray.

What is bilateral cystoscopy?

Cystoscopy (sis-TOS-kuh-pee) is a procedure that allows your doctor to examine the lining of your bladder and the tube that carries urine out of your body (urethra). A hollow tube (cystoscope) equipped with a lens is inserted into your urethra and slowly advanced into your bladder.

How long does it take to heal from a cystoscopy?

These symptoms should get better in 1 or 2 days. You will probably be able to go back to work or most of your usual activities in 1 or 2 days. This care sheet gives you a general idea about how long it will take for you to recover. But each person recovers at a different pace.

What is cystoscopy with stent placement?

Under a general anaesthetic, a cystoscopy is performed and under X-ray guidance, contrast is inserted into the ureter giving a picture of the drainage system of the kidney and ureter. A flexible, silicone stent is then inserted internally, with an end in the kidney and the other in the bladder.

What is the meaning of pyelogram?

Pyelogram (or pyelography or urography) is a form of imaging of the renal pelvis and ureter. … Intravenous pyelogram – In which a contrast solution is introduced through a vein into the circulatory system.

What is the purpose of the cystoscopy with bilateral retrograde pyelogram?

A retrograde pyelogram is an imaging test that uses X-rays to look at your bladder, ureters, and kidneys. The ureters are the long tubes that connect your kidneys to your bladder. This test is usually done during a test called cystoscopy.

What does retrograde mean in surgery?

Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS): Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is a procedure for doing surgery within the kidney using a viewing tube called a fiberoptic endoscope.

Article first time published on

How is a Pyelogram performed?

During an intravenous pyelogram, you’ll have an X-ray dye (iodine contrast solution) injected into a vein in your arm. The dye flows into your kidneys, ureters and bladder, outlining each of these structures.

What is the purpose of intravenous pyelogram?

An IVP can show your healthcare provider the size, shape, and structure of your kidneys, ureters, and bladder. You may need this test if your provider suspects that you have: Kidney disease. Ureter or bladder stones.

Are you awake during a cystoscopy?

You are awake during the procedure. Your doctor puts an anesthetic gel into your urethra. This numbs the area so you have no discomfort. The gel feels cold and you may have a slight burning feeling.

What is retrograde intra renal surgery?

Make an appointment. RIRS is performed to remove stones without making any incisions on the kidney while using a laser and a viewing tube called a fiberoptic endoscope that goes through the urethra into the kidney. It is performed under general, local or spinal anesthesia.

What contrast is used for retrograde pyelogram?

Contrast is categorized by osmolality, of which there are 3 groups: isoosmolar, low osmolar, and high osmolar. As osmolarity decreases, radiographic density increases. For retrograde pyelography, the contrast is typically diluted to 50% using sterile water by the physician.

Why would a urologist do a cystoscopy?

During a cystoscopy, a urinary tract specialist (urologist) uses a scope to view the inside of the bladder and urethra. Doctors use cystoscopy to diagnose and treat urinary tract problems. These problems include bladder cancer, bladder control issues, enlarged prostates and urinary tract infections.

What are the disadvantages of stents?

Re-narrowing of your artery. When angioplasty is combined with drug-eluting stent placement, there’s a small risk the treated artery will become clogged again. …
Blood clots. Blood clots can form within stents even after the procedure. …
Bleeding. You may have bleeding in your leg or arm where a catheter was inserted.

Does stent removal require anesthesia?

Since no intravenous line is inserted and there is no anesthesia, you do not have to be accompanied by anyone else and you can eat normally before and after the procedure. For those patients who prefer having the stent removed under IV sedation, arrangements must be made for post-operative patient transportation.

How is stent removed?

Stents can be removed in two different ways. Sometimes, a string is left attached to the end of the stent. This string is allowed to come out of the patient’s urethra, the tube where he or she urinates. The string can be used to pull on the stent and remove it.

What type of sedation is used for cystoscopy?

For a rigid cystoscopy: you’re given an injection of general anaesthetic (which makes you fall asleep) into your hand, or a spinal anaesthetic (which numbs the lower half of your body) into your lower back.

Does a cystoscopy check kidneys?

During a cystoscopy, a cystoscope is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. During a ureteroscopy, the urologist will focus on viewing the ureter and lining of the kidney, known as the renal pelvis.

What sedation is used for cystoscopy?

Patients tolerated cystoscopy better with intravenous sedation. Premedication with 25 to 50 mg. meperidine does not add significant analgesia or sedation to intravenous diazepam or midazolam, nor does it substitute for intravenous sedation.

Why DJ stenting is done?

Ureteral double J (DJ) stents are frequently used to relieve ureteral obstruction and almost as a routine part of the ureteroscopic procedures by many surgeons. DJ stent placement has the potential side effects such as flank pain and urinary tract infection (UTI) due to retrograde urine flow.

How stent is placed in ureter?

They’ll use the cystoscope to find the opening where your ureter connects to your bladder. Once they can see this opening, your healthcare provider will thread a ureteral stent through the cystoscope and into your ureter. After the stent is in place, the cystoscope will be removed.

Is a cystoscopy an endoscopy?

Cystoscopy is endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra. It is carried out with a cystoscope. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

What is the root word of pyelogram?

a combining form meaning “pelvis,” used in the formation of compound words: pyelogram.

How do you do antegrade pyelogram?

Procedure Overview An antegrade pyelogram is a type of x-ray used to diagnose an obstruction of the upper urinary tract. During the procedure, a contrast dye is injected into a portion of the ureter (narrow tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder) closest to the kidneys called the renal pelvis.

How do you spell pyelogram?

an x-ray produced by pyelography. Also py·e·lo·graph [pahy-uh-luh-graf, -grahf, pahy-el-uh-].

What is retrograde in radiography?

Retrograde cystography is an imaging test that uses X-rays to see the bladder. X-rays are made of the bladder after it has been filled with a contrast dye. The dye lets the radiologist see your bladder and nearby tissues more clearly.

How often does retrograde happen?

About three or four times a year, Mercury goes “retrograde,” which means it appears to go backwards in its orbit. In astrology, Mercury rules intellect and communication.